You should follow “Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States.”
http://copyright.cornell.edu/resources/publicdomain.cfm
Then, your case will be applied “Works First Published Outside the U.S. by Foreign Nationals or U.S. Citizens Living Abroad.”
If the story you translated was published before 1923, it is public domain and you are OK. However, if the story was published after 1923 through 1977, there are several cases and you need to check.
Tanizaki’s stories are public domain in Japan, so I think your case will be applied first case “Published without compliance with US formalities, and in the public domain in its source country as of 1 January 1996 (but see special cases) → in the Public Domain.” But please check by yourself.